Insecticidal proteins are proteins that have been identified in certain bacteria, plants, or other organisms that have the ability to kill or inhibit the growth of insects. These proteins have become a key tool in pest control, as they can be incorporated into genetically modified crops to make them resistant to insect damage. Insecticidal proteins work by targeting specific receptors in the digestive systems of insects, leading to their death. Research in this area focuses on discovering new insecticidal proteins, understanding their mechanisms of action, and developing more effective and environmentally friendly methods for pest control.